Children with cerebral palsy is the most important performance motor
dysfunction, abnormal behavior, language barriers, and other symptoms, now, just
because there is no formal treatment. Children with cerebral palsy continue to
increase, if left untreated, then it does not appear that. Following on from the
experts to brief introduction.
Beijing Erkang Baiwang Cerebral Palsy Hospital recommend treatment of cerebral palsy good
way.
1, psychological and behavioral therapy: children with cerebral palsy is
sometimes associated with abnormal psychological and behavioral problems, such
as autism, hyperactivity, mood swings and other symptoms. Healthy family
environment, increase with age child interaction, as well as psychological and
behavioral early intervention is the key to prevention and treatment of
psychological and behavioral disorders.
2, exercise therapy: Therapists should develop training programs for the
families of children with their parents. The plan should focus on improving
function and prevent secondary damaging aspects, but especially severe in
children, facilitation of care and reduce the family burden should be the main
goal. Typically they include: knowledge of the children with the disease, as
well as arrangements of everyday life; the functional activity of intensive
training initiative; aids such as orthotics, chair, standing frame and
wheelchair use, and so on;
3, speech therapy: After the doctors and assessed by a speech therapist,
speech disorders according to different types of treatment, such as the jaw,
lips, tongue, soft palate and other motion control training, as well as
understanding and skills training.
4. Occupational therapy: Occupational therapy include fine hand function
training, simple transformation activities of daily living skills training,
brace and assist with the production and living environment facilities.
5, physical therapy: physical therapy is to increase range of motion, muscle
tone adjustment, improve motor control, coordination, strength and endurance to
improve motor function, and enhance daily living. Common techniques include:
postural therapy, soft tissue stretching, muscle tension adjustment technology,
functional active motion intensive training, muscle strength and endurance
training, balance and coordination control, physical factors adjuvant therapy,
and so on.
CNSA surgery system - "one-stop" treatment of cerebral palsy therapy
CNSA surgery system technical characteristics
To better cure for cerebral palsy, Beijing Erkang Baiwang Cerebral Palsy Hospital excellent hospital with
cerebral palsy expert based on years of clinical experience in the treatment of
cerebral palsy international advanced technology and traditional Chinese
medicine combine their respective advantages Optional, instead of the
traditional disadvantages of various surgical treatment of cerebral palsy
therapy, while gathering house long and Piovan exclusive treatment of cerebral
palsy therapy integration, Seoul Kang Baiwang CNSA original surgery system.
CNSA surgery system core
CNSA surgery system is approved by Beijing, Seoul Kang Baiwang chief cerebral
palsy specialist hospital more than well-developed cerebral palsy treatment
surgery system, including the "CNSA minimally invasive surgery", "MRI
stereotactic multiple targets combined with minimally invasive surgery", "NGF
nerve signal factor repair technology "and" a deformity limb muscle strength
balancing act "," CP brain neurotransmitter involved in repair therapy "and
other treatments are carried out simultaneously with the international
technology treatment of cerebral palsy, cerebral palsy expert group Kang reason
according to cerebral palsy, body type, stage situation choose surgical
treatment system.
Essence essence CNSA minimally invasive surgery
CNSA is a new concept of the central nervous system regulates surgery, other
surgical treatment of cerebral palsy today unmatched by new technology. CNSA
minimally invasive surgery mechanism is:
① adjust the spinal cord reflex arc
itself to adapt to a lower center of the central and temporal release of
advanced lesions;
② spinal autoregulation corresponding reduction upload signal
(impulse) of the central brain stimulation, reduced brain motion central
excitability;
③ interception, blocking of mesh down to the spinal cord center
tract, rubrospinal beams covered tract and other pass-through of extrapyramidal
signal (impulse) control involuntary movement occurs. Through Advanced Brain and
spinal cord motor center of the central two-way adjustment, so that both achieve
the desired nerve impulses and the Association of pass-through. To achieve the
purpose of treatment of cerebral palsy.
CNSA incomparable advantages of minimally invasive surgery
Using central regulation, and expand the range of treatment: clinical
experience of surgical specialists through central brain and spinal cord center
two-way adjustment, it reaches the central nervous system in a manner
coordinated by the central nervous system of regulating expanded indications for
surgery.
Under the microscope, surgery more accurate: Each surgery will determine the
need to preserve and severed nerve fibers need under a microscope using neural
detector, make surgery more accurate security.
Tens of thousands of children validation, security does not rebound: After
tens of thousands of cases of children with clinical validation, the results of
operations significantly, security does not rebound, the effective rate of
95%.
The best method for Cerebral Palsy is to help children get self-care ability or do some simple works in the society. Cerebral Palsy treatment by Chinese medicine is a good choice without side effects. http://www.cpchildrentreatment.com/
Friday, November 13, 2015
Wednesday, November 11, 2015
Epilepsy and Pregnancy
Epilepsy brings special issues for women, particularly in pregnancy. As the
French say, vive la difference. And while equality between the sexes is a goal
that most people applaud, the French do have a point.
Epilepsy affects women differently. Their hormonal and menstrual cycles, pregnancy, menopause—all of those life stages are affected by epilepsy. The treatment of their epilepsy may be affected by their hormonal state or their epilepsy and it's treatment could affect their hormones.
While the majority of women with epilepsy can and do become pregnant, they may have certain risks that women without epilepsy don't have. These risks can affect their health and that of their babies. Yet if properly managed, the risks are very small. In fact over 90% of women with epilepsy who become pregnant have healthy babies.
When women with epilepsy have problems, they are often hormone-based. Two specific hormones are especially important: estrogen, which increases the electrical activity of the brain, and progesterone, which has the reverse effects.
Some general points about pregnancy and epilepsy
Planned pregnancies are usually best for women with epilepsy. This gives you time to work with your neurology/epilepsy team and obstetrical team ahead of time.
About half of all pregnancies in the U.S. are unplanned! So, please talk to your health care team about pregnancy early, even when you are not planning to have a child.
Get a health care team willing to work together with you - before, during and after the pregnancy. Ideally, see a neurologist who specializes in epilepsy and an obstretician comfortable with epilepsy. Most importantly, you want both doctors to work well together and with you. Add a nurse and social worker or other mental health counselor to your team. You'll likely have many practical questions about pregnancy, safety and parenting to address. It can be an emotional time too and having support is crucial!
Review your seizure medications and seizure control with your epilepsy team before you become pregnant.
Make sure you are taking prenatal vitamins and folic acid.
Plan for frequent visits to your neurology team during pregnancy. Levels of seizure medications will need to be monitored regularly and changes in doses may be needed.
Pay attention to healthy living and seizure triggers. Some women are more likely to have seizures during pregnancy due to hormonal changes, fluctuating medicine levels, or other factors.
Breastfeeding is possible and recommended for most women with epilepsy. You'll want to talk about this early with your epilepsy and OB team.
Having children is a big responsibility and you'll likely have many questions or concerns about parenting and how epilepsy may or may not affect this.
Don't forget that this is a family affair. Involve your spouse, partner, and key family and friend supports as early as possible!
Epilepsy affects women differently. Their hormonal and menstrual cycles, pregnancy, menopause—all of those life stages are affected by epilepsy. The treatment of their epilepsy may be affected by their hormonal state or their epilepsy and it's treatment could affect their hormones.
While the majority of women with epilepsy can and do become pregnant, they may have certain risks that women without epilepsy don't have. These risks can affect their health and that of their babies. Yet if properly managed, the risks are very small. In fact over 90% of women with epilepsy who become pregnant have healthy babies.
When women with epilepsy have problems, they are often hormone-based. Two specific hormones are especially important: estrogen, which increases the electrical activity of the brain, and progesterone, which has the reverse effects.
Some general points about pregnancy and epilepsy
Planned pregnancies are usually best for women with epilepsy. This gives you time to work with your neurology/epilepsy team and obstetrical team ahead of time.
About half of all pregnancies in the U.S. are unplanned! So, please talk to your health care team about pregnancy early, even when you are not planning to have a child.
Get a health care team willing to work together with you - before, during and after the pregnancy. Ideally, see a neurologist who specializes in epilepsy and an obstretician comfortable with epilepsy. Most importantly, you want both doctors to work well together and with you. Add a nurse and social worker or other mental health counselor to your team. You'll likely have many practical questions about pregnancy, safety and parenting to address. It can be an emotional time too and having support is crucial!
Review your seizure medications and seizure control with your epilepsy team before you become pregnant.
Make sure you are taking prenatal vitamins and folic acid.
Plan for frequent visits to your neurology team during pregnancy. Levels of seizure medications will need to be monitored regularly and changes in doses may be needed.
Pay attention to healthy living and seizure triggers. Some women are more likely to have seizures during pregnancy due to hormonal changes, fluctuating medicine levels, or other factors.
Breastfeeding is possible and recommended for most women with epilepsy. You'll want to talk about this early with your epilepsy and OB team.
Having children is a big responsibility and you'll likely have many questions or concerns about parenting and how epilepsy may or may not affect this.
Don't forget that this is a family affair. Involve your spouse, partner, and key family and friend supports as early as possible!
About Atonic Seizure : Treatment and Diagnosis
Muscle "tone" is the muscle's normal tension. "Atonic" (a-TON-ik) means
"without tone," so in an atonic seizure, muscles suddenly lose strength. The
eyelids may droop, the head may nod, and the person may drop things and often
falls to the ground. These seizures are also called "drop attacks" or "drop
seizures." The person usually remains conscious. These seizures typically last
less than 15 seconds. They often start in childhood yet last into adulthood.
Many people with atonic seizures are injured when they fall, so they may choose
to use protection such as a helmet.
Another name for this type of seizure is "akinetic" (a-kin-ET-ik), which means "without movement."
Atonic seizures usually begin in childhood and are often seen in syndromes like Lennox Gastaut syndrome.
In an atonic seizure, the person's body will get limp. If sitting, their head or upper body may slump over. If standing, the person many fall limply to the ground. People who have seizures that cause them to fall rigidly (like a tree trunk) often have tonic seizures (involving sudden muscle contraction) rather than atonic seizures.
Usually descriptions of the seizures by witnesses will suggest the diagnosis. Some EEG monitoring may be performed to confirm it. If the seizures persist, other tests may be used to make sure that changes in the heart rhythm or blood pressure are not causing the patient to fall down.
How are atonic seizures treated?
There are medicines, devices (Vagus nerve stimulator) , diet ( ketogenic or modified Atkins) and even surgeries (callosotomy) that can help prevent atonic seizures.
Another name for this type of seizure is "akinetic" (a-kin-ET-ik), which means "without movement."
Atonic seizures usually begin in childhood and are often seen in syndromes like Lennox Gastaut syndrome.
In an atonic seizure, the person's body will get limp. If sitting, their head or upper body may slump over. If standing, the person many fall limply to the ground. People who have seizures that cause them to fall rigidly (like a tree trunk) often have tonic seizures (involving sudden muscle contraction) rather than atonic seizures.
Usually descriptions of the seizures by witnesses will suggest the diagnosis. Some EEG monitoring may be performed to confirm it. If the seizures persist, other tests may be used to make sure that changes in the heart rhythm or blood pressure are not causing the patient to fall down.
How are atonic seizures treated?
There are medicines, devices (Vagus nerve stimulator) , diet ( ketogenic or modified Atkins) and even surgeries (callosotomy) that can help prevent atonic seizures.
Tuesday, November 10, 2015
Symptoms of Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy
Hemiplegia is paralysis that affects one half of the body, either right or
left side. Hemiplegic cerebral palsy is usually caused by a stroke before,
during or soon after birth. Sixty percent of children with hemiplegic cerebral
palsy have specific symptoms such as recurrent focal seizures in the first three
days of life. In others, stroke is not recognized until weeks, months or even
years later.
Symptoms of Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy
Hemiplegic cerebral palsy can cause some, but not necessarily all, of these ongoing symptoms:
Attention and Concentration – Your child may be unable to filter out distractions in the classroom. She may have trouble switching from one activity to another.
Behavior – Hemiplegic cerebral palsy can cause agitation, irritability, mood swings, hyperactivity, apathy or outbursts.
Memory – Difficulty with encoding, storing and retrieving new information.
Seizures – May develop immediately or years later. In many cases, the seizures can be controlled through medication.
Sensory Effects – Difficulty with vision and impaired coordination of both eyes. The brain’s visual processing area may be injured, resulting in visual field cuts (partial losses of vision). Hearing may also be affected.
Social Communication – Your child may have difficulty following shifting topics, interpretation of social cues, organization of ideas, and application of rules of social behavior.
Speech and Language – Depending on the age and cause of injury, the child may have problems with speech, such as lack of speech or extremely slow speech. These may improve with time. Children who have a stroke at or near birth may have delays in talking, but not in understanding.
Symptoms of Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy
Hemiplegic cerebral palsy can cause some, but not necessarily all, of these ongoing symptoms:
Attention and Concentration – Your child may be unable to filter out distractions in the classroom. She may have trouble switching from one activity to another.
Behavior – Hemiplegic cerebral palsy can cause agitation, irritability, mood swings, hyperactivity, apathy or outbursts.
Memory – Difficulty with encoding, storing and retrieving new information.
Seizures – May develop immediately or years later. In many cases, the seizures can be controlled through medication.
Sensory Effects – Difficulty with vision and impaired coordination of both eyes. The brain’s visual processing area may be injured, resulting in visual field cuts (partial losses of vision). Hearing may also be affected.
Social Communication – Your child may have difficulty following shifting topics, interpretation of social cues, organization of ideas, and application of rules of social behavior.
Speech and Language – Depending on the age and cause of injury, the child may have problems with speech, such as lack of speech or extremely slow speech. These may improve with time. Children who have a stroke at or near birth may have delays in talking, but not in understanding.
Hemiplegia and Hemiplegia Cerebral Palsy
Hemiplegia is a condition that affects one side of the body in cerebral palsy
patients, however it is not exclusive to cerebral palsy. Hemiplegia affects
either the right or left side of the body. Hemiplegia is caused by damage to a
part of the brain, which can occur before, during, or soon after birth, when it
is known as congenital hemiplegia. If it occurs later in childhood (up to age
3), it is called acquired hemiplegia. Generally, injury to the left side of the
brain will cause a right hemiplegia and injury to the right side a left
hemiplegia. Childhood hemiplegia is a relatively common condition, affecting up
to one child in 1,000.
Hemiparetic and Hemiplegic cerebral palsy (CP) are two different forms of cerebral palsy with the same disabilities: one side of the body side is affected. Hemiplegic is the more severe form of the disorder that involves total paralysis on one side of the body, while those with hemiparetic CP experience muscle weakness and/or mild paralysis on the affected side of the body.
Caused by brain damage, hemiparetic and hemiplegic CP constitute at least a third of all people with CP in the United States and are typically diagnosed before a child turns 3 years old. Per the American Medical Association (AMA), there are several risk factors that may contribute to the development of hemiparetic and hemiplegic CP, including maternal or placental infection, asphyxia during birth, congenital heart disease, infant stroke, and/or mother and infant blood incompatibility.
At least 60% of all cases are a result of infant stroke. In most cases, the infant’s stroke will cause seizures within the first three days after birth. In other instances, the stroke may not be noticeable until several months and even years later.
Hemiplegia affects each child differently. The most obvious affects are a varying degree of weakness and lack of control in the affected side of the body. In one child this may be very obvious, in another child it will be so slight that it only shows when attempting specific physical activities.
Although there is no cure for hemiplegia, its effects can be minimized throughphysical therapy. Your child, once diagnosed, will probably be referred to a Child Development Centre (CDC) or the children's department of your local or regional hospital, where therapists will work with you to develop his or her abilities.
Because the immature brain is so flexible, many of the functions of the damaged area can be taken over by completely functional parts of the brain. Children and young people with hemiplegia will see a relatively small difference in their general development in the area of the brain that was damaged, especially in comparison to their elder counterparts.
A child with hemiplegia should be treated as normally as possible, when the circumstances allow. However, it is essential to include the weaker side in play and everyday activities, to make your child as ambidextrous as possible. Children with hemiplegia can be encouraged to develop better use of their weaker side through involvement in their chosen sports and hobbies, as they get older.
About half of children with hemiplegia do have additional problems related to cerebral palsy. Additional problems are usually medical in nature, such as epilepsy, visual impairment or speech difficulties. It has also become clear that many children have less obvious additional problems, such as perceptual problems, specific learning difficulties or emotional and behavioral problems, but with specialist treatment their effects on the child's life can be minimized.
Hemiparetic and Hemiplegic cerebral palsy (CP) are two different forms of cerebral palsy with the same disabilities: one side of the body side is affected. Hemiplegic is the more severe form of the disorder that involves total paralysis on one side of the body, while those with hemiparetic CP experience muscle weakness and/or mild paralysis on the affected side of the body.
Caused by brain damage, hemiparetic and hemiplegic CP constitute at least a third of all people with CP in the United States and are typically diagnosed before a child turns 3 years old. Per the American Medical Association (AMA), there are several risk factors that may contribute to the development of hemiparetic and hemiplegic CP, including maternal or placental infection, asphyxia during birth, congenital heart disease, infant stroke, and/or mother and infant blood incompatibility.
At least 60% of all cases are a result of infant stroke. In most cases, the infant’s stroke will cause seizures within the first three days after birth. In other instances, the stroke may not be noticeable until several months and even years later.
Hemiplegia affects each child differently. The most obvious affects are a varying degree of weakness and lack of control in the affected side of the body. In one child this may be very obvious, in another child it will be so slight that it only shows when attempting specific physical activities.
Although there is no cure for hemiplegia, its effects can be minimized throughphysical therapy. Your child, once diagnosed, will probably be referred to a Child Development Centre (CDC) or the children's department of your local or regional hospital, where therapists will work with you to develop his or her abilities.
Because the immature brain is so flexible, many of the functions of the damaged area can be taken over by completely functional parts of the brain. Children and young people with hemiplegia will see a relatively small difference in their general development in the area of the brain that was damaged, especially in comparison to their elder counterparts.
A child with hemiplegia should be treated as normally as possible, when the circumstances allow. However, it is essential to include the weaker side in play and everyday activities, to make your child as ambidextrous as possible. Children with hemiplegia can be encouraged to develop better use of their weaker side through involvement in their chosen sports and hobbies, as they get older.
About half of children with hemiplegia do have additional problems related to cerebral palsy. Additional problems are usually medical in nature, such as epilepsy, visual impairment or speech difficulties. It has also become clear that many children have less obvious additional problems, such as perceptual problems, specific learning difficulties or emotional and behavioral problems, but with specialist treatment their effects on the child's life can be minimized.
Monday, November 9, 2015
Types of Seizures And Epilepsy
Seizures take many forms. Before your doctor can prescribe the right
treatment, he or she must figure out which type (or types) you have. That's the
purpose of all the tests discussed in the Diagnosis section—not just to tell
whether you have epilepsy, but also to tell what kind.
Commonly Used Names for Seizure Types
Seizures are generally described in two major groups of seizures, primary generalized seizures and partial seizures. The difference between these types is in how and where they begin. A new way of naming seizures has been developed by epilepsy specialists, but most often these common names are still used.
Primary generalized seizures
Primary generalized seizures begin with a widespread electrical discharge that involves both sides of the brain at once. Hereditary factors are important in many of these seizures.
Partial seizures
Partial seizures begin with an electrical discharge in one limited area of the brain. Many different things can cause partial seizures, for example head injury, brain infection, stroke, tumor, or changes in the way an area of the brain was formed before birth (called cortical dysplasias). Many times, no known cause is found, but genetic factors may be important in some partial seizures.
Partial seizures can be broken down further, depending on whether a person's awareness or consciousness (the ability to respond and remember) is affected.
Commonly Used Names for Seizure Types
Seizures are generally described in two major groups of seizures, primary generalized seizures and partial seizures. The difference between these types is in how and where they begin. A new way of naming seizures has been developed by epilepsy specialists, but most often these common names are still used.
Primary generalized seizures
Primary generalized seizures begin with a widespread electrical discharge that involves both sides of the brain at once. Hereditary factors are important in many of these seizures.
Partial seizures
Partial seizures begin with an electrical discharge in one limited area of the brain. Many different things can cause partial seizures, for example head injury, brain infection, stroke, tumor, or changes in the way an area of the brain was formed before birth (called cortical dysplasias). Many times, no known cause is found, but genetic factors may be important in some partial seizures.
Partial seizures can be broken down further, depending on whether a person's awareness or consciousness (the ability to respond and remember) is affected.
Treatment of cerebral palsy and epilepsy
Children with epilepsy who also have an intellectual disability or mental handicap (a term preferred over the older term, "mental retardation") or cerebral palsy present a wider range of problems than children who have uncomplicated epilepsy. Children with mental handicaps have below-average intellectual ability and are often impaired in their ability to understand, communicate, solve problems, and function in social settings. Children with cerebral palsy have muscle weakness, difficulty standing or walking, or postural problems. Their intelligence may range from average to below average. Intellectual disability and cerebral palsy can also be associated with vision, hearing, and speech problems and possibly some physical deformity or emotional disturbance. Management of children with epilepsy and mental handicap or cerebral palsy requires the combined effort of doctors, therapists, education specialists, and parents.
Treatment of children with cerebral palsy and epilepsy varies according to their age, the severity of their symptoms, and the type of cerebral palsy. Common steps include:
corrective lenses
orthotics, braces, or corrective surgery for affected limbs
injections of tiny doses of botulin toxin to relieve spasticity and treat movement disorders
medications to reduce spastic tension in muscles
speech therapy
physical and occupational therapy
psychological counseling to assist with adjustment issues
referrals to appropriate resources, including a neuropsychologist for development of an individualized educational plan (IEP)
Comprehensive child development clinics (centers for neuromuscular and developmental disorders) can help with many parts of this treatment. They can identify, assess, and diagnose children's general health conditions; identify emotional and learning problems; refer children with particular problems to specialists; provide instruction and counseling for parents; serve as a source of referrals to other programs; and provide physical, occupational, and speech therapy.
Exercise is an essential part of the therapy for children with cerebral palsy. Babies who are developing normally are seldom still; their arms and legs are in almost continuous motion. As they roll, crawl, get into and out of sitting positions, and reach for objects and manipulate them, they are exercising without making a conscious effort. For babies with cerebral palsy, this kind of healthy, spontaneous exercise is more challenging. Some may be capable of only a few movements, so these babies are often relatively inactive. But children with cerebral palsy must have exercise. Movement through all ranges of motion can prevent contractures or joint limitations and help the child's body maintain its potential. Weight-bearing exercises can prevent bone loss. And the input from exercise is an important building block for the future development of motor and cognitive skills.
The parents of a child with epilepsy and cerebral palsy must make sure the child gets enough exercise. If the child is passive and content to lie back and watch the world go by, the parents need to encourage activity.
For young children with cerebral palsy, one of the best ways to do this is through the roughhouse play that other children instinctively make a part of their regular exercise. The touch and movement that are so much a part of this type of play are essential to the development of normal systems of touch, balance, and the sense of head and body position. A child can enjoy roughhousing if the parents keep in mind the principles of good handling and pay attention to the child's body. For example, if rapid movements such as playfully raising and lowering make the child stiff, it is better to try a slower activity involving some trunk rotation and leg separation, which should decrease the child's muscle tone (the firmness and consistency of muscles at rest and with movement) and thus reduce the child's stiffness. A good alternative might be the merry-go-round, in which the parent holds the child face-to-face with the child's legs straddling the parent's waist and twirls around. In general, children with increased muscle tone (stiff or rigid muscles) respond better to a slow pace and those with low muscle tone, who are floppy or hypotonic, generally respond well to fast movements.
Ideally, much of the child's exercise should come from the daily routine of such activities as diapering, dressing, and feeding. Two general guidelines in accomplishing this goal are:
Place objects far enough away that the child needs to reach for them or crawl to them.
Encourage the child to do all the physical activities he or she is capable of, even if it sometimes seems easier for someone else to do them.
The child's occupational and physical therapists can provide additional tips on increasing the exercise that the child gets in the daily routine.
Some parents of children with epilepsy and cerebral palsy also enroll the child in formal physical fitness programs. Gym classes, movement experiences, Special Olympics, and other programs for young children are blossoming, and many are quite receptive to children with special needs. It is not absolutely essential to find a program with a staff trained in dealing with these children, although the instructor should be helpful and cooperative. Generally, it will be up to the parent to apply the correct principles to reduce or increase muscle tone and encourage normal movement. The physical or occupational therapist can tell parents whether the child might benefit from any program being considered.
As the child grows older, it becomes increasingly important for the exercise routine to include outdoor activities. Walks with the child in a stroller or in a carrier on the parent's back provide fresh air and opportunities for learning about the world outside the house. For some children, just lying or sitting on the grass while parents do yard work can be a special event. Outdoor smells, sights, and sounds all stimulate the child's developing sensory system. With proper precautions, the child may also enjoy riding on the back of the parent's bicycle. Parents may have to be creative in thinking of outdoor play activities that are within the child's abilities, but because playing outdoors is the most enjoyable form of exercise for many children, the more activities parents can come up with, the better. For example, horseback riding can provide both good physical therapy and fun for children with cerebral palsy. As with many other aspects of raising a child with cerebral palsy, much trial and error is involved in finding enjoyable exercises that are right for the child.
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